The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the economic crisis that began in 2009 on public and private expenditure on education. In particular, the study: a) analyses the evolution of public and private expenditure on education between 2000 and 2016; b) compares the recent characteristics of the public expenditure on education in Greece with those of other countries of the European Union; c) examines the impact of demographic changes and the projected decline of the student population in the coming years, on the future public and private expenditure for education.